sovay: (Default)
sovay ([personal profile] sovay) wrote2007-01-23 01:28 am

And she can't stop till them shoes come off

Due to the unexpected arrival of Neal Stephenson, [livejournal.com profile] nineweaving and I watched the latest installment of Powell and Pressburger early this afternoon: The Red Shoes and "I Know Where I'm Going!" (1945), since Black Narcissus didn't fit into the schedule. I am extraordinarily tired, so my comments will be brief.

If Colpeper is a Kentish Dionysos, Boris Lermontov [Anton Wolbrook] might be the dancer's Mephistopheles.

For all of Lermontov's alignment with the diabolical, both through his role in the film and his likeness to the grotesque shoemaker in The Ballet of the Red Shoes, in the end I had more sympathy for him than for Marius Goring's Julian Craster. The impresario's part in Victoria's death has to do entirely with his inability to see people as people rather than raw material for art—he urges her to put on the red shoes again, but with no intention that she should dance herself to her doom. She is his masterwork. He did not bar her from dancing when she left the Ballet Lermontov to marry Julian, even if her choice infuriated and bewildered him. When he thinks he's persuaded her back into the company, he flings up his hands in the triumphant gesture that the ballet-master Grischa Ljubov (Léonide Massine, in a casting choice that Weirdie and Beardie the Balletomanes would appreciate) uses for the shoemaker, but where that character merrily steals away with the fatal red shoes at the ballet's close, to proffer them to the audience as though to his next victim, Victoria's death is a thunder-strike to Lermontov: his faultless velvet and whip-crack voice tears rawly as he dedicates this last performance to her memory, from which he may never recover. He has always seen himself as the puppet-master, the doll-maker, the man who stands outside the stories and chooses a role here, a role there: I don't think he understands until the very end that he too is trapped inside a story, and that there are forces more powerful than he in the dancer's world.

In contrast, Julian, who at first appears such a match for Victoria in his youth and fire for his art, is ultimately limited in unexpected ways. As a composer in love, he should understand his wife's need to dance, not merely to retreat into the background of her husband's career. But there is a piano for him to play on when he wakes restlessly in the night; her shoes are all stored like keepsakes in the bottom dresser drawer. Even his romantic reverie of a time when, as an old man, he will be able to speak dreamily of the happiness he had somewhere on the Mediterranean with the famous dancer Victoria Page, has an ominous note in retrospect. "Then she was quite young, comparatively unspoilt. We were, I remember, very much in love." Note the past tense: if she in the future is a famous dancer, it is presupposed that their love affair did not last. And he is very much in love with her, that is undeniable. But he does not comprehend what drives her, or he chooses to gloss it over. At least when Lermontov presses Victoria to give up her married life, he seems genuinely not to realize the sacrifice he's asking of her. For him, love is a "doubtful comfort" that he accepts in a temperamental talent like Irina Boronskaja (Ludmilla Tchérina), but that he mistakenly believed a dancer of Victoria's passion was immune to: he reflected himself in her. Julian does not even question that he should have both a career and a wife: he has no excuse.

(My mother, on the other hand, who saw The Red Shoes at a film festival at the University of Oklahoma when she was in high school, felt worse for Julian: because it is terrible to lose someone in the middle of a fight, and she always thought that their professional and personal lives might not have been unsalvageable otherwise. With the latter sentiment, she has a point. Outside of the rules of fairy tales, it's nonsensical that Victoria should have no space between love or art but death—but as a triad, what a story they make!)

Lastly, I love that The Ballet of the Red Shoes, as presented to the audience of the film, is impossible. Perhaps we're meant to take it as a representation of Victoria's perceptions of the experience—the demonic shoemaker, frozen like a predatory cutout, flickers with the faces of Lermontov and Julian; three dancers upraised are seen as flowers, white birds, clouds, the images that Julian promised she would hear in the music; the crash of waves on the shore resolves into the theater audience's applause—but that doesn't explain the reflection of herself that pirouettes in the shoemaker's window, the mazelike corridors and the cellophane cutouts into which the corps de ballet crumple, the blowing newspaper that bellies into a three-dimensional lover and the nightmares that swarm out of a darkness vaster than the stage, the promontories and desolate barrens on which she dances on the tireless red shoes. "Time rushes by. Love rushes by. Life rushes by. But the red shoes go on." And that is precisely what we see, and it is terrifying.

And I am very fond of Grischa.

"I Know Where I'm Going!" surprised me, because it's a much more straightforward film than either The Red Shoes or A Canterbury Tale, and yet I am still thinking about it. As introduced by a mockumentary prologue, Joan Webster (Wendy Hiller) is the precise opposite of Lady in the Dark's Jenny who couldn't make up her mind—a poised and determined young woman who arrives in the Inner Hebrides to marry money in the form of Consolidated Chemical Industries, otherwise known as Sir Robert Bellenger (Norman Shelley, although we never do see him: a brief exchange over the wireless tells the audience, and Joan, pretty much all there is to know), only to find her plans derailed for perhaps the first time in her life; the weather in the west of Scotland is unpredictable, and so is her attraction to Torquil MacNeil (Roger Livesey), a naval officer on eight days' leave and incidentally the Laird of Kiloran, the small island on which Joan's fiancé is waiting, currently inaccessible with the rough sea and the gales. There's no suspense about how this triangle will turn out. I know who I love, but the dear knows who I'll marry . . . But I'm oddly not sure that romance is the point of the story. The place in which the romance happens might be.

Characters speak in Gaelic and their dialogue is not translated. (The name of Finlay Currie's harbormaster is even written, in the credits, "Ruairidh Mor." This wins points with me.) The sea and the sky and the craggy hillsides are filmed in the same lovely detail as Joan's face when she counts the roof-beams to make a wish on, or the stamp and whirl of a céilidh held to celebrate the sixty-year anniversary of a local couple, or Torquil kneeling in the bracken with a spyglass, sighting for his "godson," a half-tamed golden eagle. He himself is regularly referred to as "Kiloran," which may be a perfectly proper form of address, but at the same time reinforces the idea of Torquil as some embodiment of the landscape: so that Joan does not fall in love only with him, his lanky face and his unexpectedly deep, husky voice that can boom like the tide when raised, but with the island that is his inheritance and sense of self. There's also Catriona Potts (Pamela Brown), who has the face of a white owl and makes her entrance striding in from the rain with a tumbling pack of wolfhounds, like an archer-goddess in a tweed skirt. With her husband stationed in the Middle East and her children boarded at school, she roams the hills to hunt rabbits for her houseguests, fierce and luminous and practical and she, not Torquil, registered for me as the most potently mythic presence in the film: perhaps all the more so because she has no connection with the folklore of the islands, the curse on the MacNeils or the whirlpool of Corryvreckan. I looked at her halfway through the film and thought, She wants to be owls, not flowers.

And there are the touches of sheer weirdness, like the smokestack top hat or Joan's dream as the train carries her toward the Hebrides, of her father in minister's garb marrying her to photonegative engines of industry as a miniature train winds in and out of a stitched-up tartan landscape, the wheels chattering "Lady Bellenger . . . Lady Bellenger . . ." Dreams on film often feel too clearly symbolic, shorthand for the subconscious. Powell and Pressburger's have a real sense of what the hell? Even when the characters are awake.

I should be asleep. I see from my profile that I am losing friends-of at a fearsome rate: three or four in the last couple of days. What am I supposed to be talking about? The obsessions you see are the obsessions you get . . .

[identity profile] nineweaving.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 06:44 am (UTC)(link)
There's also Catriona Potts (Pamela Brown), who has the face of a white owl and makes her entrance striding in from the rain with a tumbling pack of wolfhounds, like an archer-goddess in a tweed skirt...I looked at her halfway through the film and thought, She wants to be owls, not flowers.

Lovely. She just is

And I've only just found out that Powell wanted to make A Wizard of Earthsea but couldn't get the backing. This is inutterably sad.

Nine

[identity profile] nineweaving.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 07:05 am (UTC)(link)
I like that Neal Stephenson is a “graduate student choice” event.


Nine

[identity profile] ap-aelfwine.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 08:05 am (UTC)(link)
Are you going to the Stephenson colloquium? Sounds rather brilliant--I've enjoyed his books, and judging by the transcriptions I've read of his talks he sounds an entertaining speaker.

I took Joan Cadden's seminar in mediaeval science my first year at Kenyon. She's quite a brilliant teacher; if it weren't that you're probably back at Yale by 6 february, I'd put in a rec for her colloquium as well.

[identity profile] ap-aelfwine.livejournal.com 2007-01-24 06:13 pm (UTC)(link)
I'm not sure whether the colloquia are open to the public: I have no affiliation with Harvard.

Ah. From the bit in the initial post about changing the schedule for watching films, I was thinking you might be going with your friend.

[identity profile] ap-aelfwine.livejournal.com 2007-01-24 10:32 pm (UTC)(link)
Oh, I see.

Very cool that he's a friend of your father. I wish my father had friends who'd written novels about sword-wielding hackers. ;-)

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 09:35 am (UTC)(link)
in the end I had more sympathy for him than for Marius Goring's Julian Craster.

Me too.

As a composer in love, he should understand his wife's need to dance,

Yeah. It's interesting how he continually dismisses ballet as an inferior artform--it seems like playful, academic tussling, but considering what happens, one wonders if there wasn't more to it.

But he does not comprehend what drives her, or he chooses to gloss it over.

I generally read him as a snot who thinks he's the centre of the universe. But not a caricature of one--he's still basically likeable at the beginning, and it's rather clever of the Archer's to've contrived the business of his music being stolen, as it puts the audience on his side. It's something that works also as establishing the world of music and ballet, and as something in lieu of any scenes of him and Vicky falling in love. There's a novelisation of the movie, written by Powell and Pressburger in the 1970s, that fills in a lot of the gaps in their relationship--on the Criterion DVD, there's a commentary track of Jeremy Irons reading from the novel that's rather interesting.

Outside of the rules of fairy tales, it's nonsensical that Victoria should have no space between love or art but death

I'm not sure that's true. Maybe it's just because I haven't had any good relationships, but I've always found that I have to choose between relationship and art, I can never have both at the same time. They both demand my full attention, or I feel dizzy. Maybe it's just that I'm bad at multitasking. In any case, I really strongly sympathise with Lermontov on this point.

Perhaps we're meant to take it as a representation of Victoria's perceptions of the experience—

We are--or, I've heard, the intention was to have the scene from the dancers' perspective. Scorsese talks about it in the commentary as an influence on him when he was filming Raging Bull, a movie about a boxer. In the scenes of boxing matches, Scorsese almost always kept the camera in the ring and used minimal lighting for outside the ring--never showing the match from the audience perspective.

And I am very fond of Grischa.

He is great. Moira Shearer tells a few amusing stories about Massine in the commentary, which, as you may have guessed by now, is something I consider well worth listening to.

I see from my profile that I am losing friends-of at a fearsome rate: three or four in the last couple of days. What am I supposed to be talking about?

I wouldn't worry about it. There're some hummingbird-brains around here.

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-01-24 07:50 am (UTC)(link)
Within the film, though, there's no evidence that the choice really is as absolute and schematic as both Lermontov and Julian present. For them, it's not a matter of time and attention, it's that Victoria has to choose now where she will put her heart for the rest of her life.

I think for Julian it was a matter of pride--that Vicky would go off and do this thing with a man who'd become Julian's nemesis. I think he expected Vicky to understand that her working with Lermontov was too much of a blow to Julian's ego, so he assumed it was deliberate defiance of him that drove her to Lermontov. While Lermontov felt that Vicky's considerations for Julian's hubris would be a distraction which, in fact, it proved to be. I think both men are probably right--if Victoria's priority is to achieve great art, sooner or later it's bound to conflict with what Julian wants her to be--the relationship would be about compromise, while great art is about not compromising.

But secondary characters like Grischa or the set designer Ratov or the rest of the corps de ballet are delighted with the affair between their principal ballerina and their composer-conductor—they would happily see them married and assume the company will continue to run as usual afterward, and I don't think we're meant to view them as second-class artists because of it.

True, but notice we never see any evidence that any of them are married or seriously involved romantically. It could be that Lermontov chose each of them at least partially for that reason, whether or not they realise it themselves.

Of course, I'm treating all of this in non-fantastic terms. What matters is that Victoria put on the red shoes: and there's only one way to take them off.

Yeah. I gotta love that boldness. It had to be pretty challenging for audiences at the time, thought the film was extremely successful.

It's interesting to note that Michael Powell considered Walt Disney to be the most relevant filmmaker at the time.

I almost never listen to commentaries or watch deleted scenes. Which I will admit is a little inconsistent, since I find story notes fascinating.

I'd say deleted scenes are quite optional when it comes to enjoying a film--I usually figure they're deleted for a reason. But commentaries can be quite enjoyable for different reasons. Some, like The Red Shoes commentary, are interesting and illuminating discussions of the film. Others, especially the ones by film historians, are sort of like spoken essays. The quality the filmmakers' commentaries is dependant on how articulate the individual filmmaker is--Terry Gilliam's great, talking a mile a minute, while Ridley Scott tends to leave a lot of dead air. It's nice when they come in groups--I always like hearing Ang Lee with his producer/screenwriter James Schamus.

It can be kind of hard to find a context to listen to commentaries, though. It's convenient for me to listen to them while colouring or inking. But since I haven't been doing that lately, I've been accumulating un-listened-to commentaries.

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-01-24 09:37 pm (UTC)(link)
Because of the ways in which he handled fairy tales and folk tales?

I don't know exactly--Martin Scorsese mentions it on the Black Narcissus commentary when referring to a similarity in visual style. Though if Powell admired Disney, it's hard to imagine he didn't appreciate Disney's tendency towards fairy tales.

Have you ever seen Darby O'Gill and the Little People (1959)

Yes, but not since I was a little kid. I seem to remember it frightening me.

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-01-25 08:40 am (UTC)(link)
You make it sound good. Maybe I'll pick it up next time I see it--it was only ten dollars when I saw it at the store to-day. I almost got it, but I ended up with Shaun of the Dead instead. Which was also ten dollars, incredibly enough.

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-01-26 11:15 am (UTC)(link)
I should warn you (as though you don't already know) that I'm heavily biased toward intelligently-done folklore.

Hmm. Intelligently-done folklore, eh? I think I can take it.

I really enjoyed Shaun of the Dead, by the way. It made me feel slightly less guilty about spending five hours playing video games yesterday.

How's the Sirenia Digest thing coming? If you're still working, I wish you fortitude and luck . . .

[identity profile] poliphilo.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 10:58 am (UTC)(link)
You make me want to watch the Red Shoes again. It's a film that's never quite clicked for me. I think I may be allergic to Marius Goring.

You have a wonderful take on IKWIG.

Whenever I see Pamela Brown named in a cast list my expectations soar.

[identity profile] poliphilo.livejournal.com 2007-01-23 08:11 pm (UTC)(link)
I find Goring's performance in A Matter of Life and Death intensely irritating.

I believe The Tales of Hoffman is one of Martin Scorsese's favourite movies. It's so long since I last saw it I really don't have a personal opinion.

[identity profile] setsuled.livejournal.com 2007-03-09 09:36 am (UTC)(link)
But I'm oddly not sure that romance is the point of the story. The place in which the romance happens might be.

I'd also say it's about free will versus externally ordained destiny, and the latter wins.

There's also Catriona Potts (Pamela Brown), who has the face of a white owl and makes her entrance striding in from the rain with a tumbling pack of wolfhounds,

I loved that entrance, and I loved that character. I loved how peculiarly unkempt her hair was for a movie of the 1940s.

Joan's dream as the train carries her toward the Hebrides, of her father in minister's garb marrying her to photonegative engines of industry as a miniature train winds in and out of a stitched-up tartan landscape,

I loved that dream. It wasn't just credibly dreamlike in its weirdness, it also told us about Joan's naïve, neatly compartmental view of Scotland, as well of a perhaps subconscious awareness of the absurdity of her upcoming marriage.